Are there any laws that prohibit the creation of states in orbit or on other celestial bodies beyond Earth, and if so, please list them, indicate their status, who signed them, and whether compliance is mandatory? As i know: Currently, there are no specific international laws that explicitly prohibit the creation of states in orbit or on other celestial bodies beyond Earth. However, there are some documents and international agreements that regulate the use of outer space. The primary international agreement in the field of space is the Outer Space Treaty (also known as the Space Treaty), which was signed in 1967 and entered into force in 1967. The Outer Space Treaty has been signed by more than 100 countries, including all major space-faring nations. The main objective of this treaty is to regulate the peaceful use of outer space and prohibit the placement of nuclear weapons and other types of weapons of mass destruction in orbit and on other celestial bodies. It is important to note that the Outer Space Treaty does not contain an explicit prohibition on creating states in orbit or on other celestial bodies. However, it establishes principles for the peaceful use of outer space and implies that the activities of states in space should be carried out in accordance with international law. Therefore, while there is no explicit prohibition on creating states in space, such actions should be coordinated and conducted in accordance with international law and regulatory documents such as the Outer Space Treaty. Currently, there are no specific international laws that explicitly prohibit the creation of cities on the Moon or Mars or the establishment of national states on these planets. However, space law and policy are still evolving in the context of space colonization. In the absence of explicit prohibition, the colonization of the Moon, Mars, and other planets may necessitate addressing legal, ethical, and political issues related to establishing rules and governance systems in such colonies. It is possible that in the future, specific international agreements or treaties will be developed and adopted to regulate these aspects of space colonization. Decisions regarding the establishment of cities or states on the Moon or Mars will depend on political, technical, economic, and social factors, as well as the coordination and compliance with applicable national and international norms and laws. Usually, the following factors can play a role in recognizing a new state and nation: Control over territory: The new state must have control over a specific territory where it claims its independence. Government structure: The new state should have a stable government structure capable of effectively governing and carrying out its functions. International recognition: Recognition by other states is an important step towards full international recognition of the new state. However, there is no exact number of recognizing countries required for formal recognition. Compliance with international law: The new state must adhere to fundamental principles and norms of international law, such as respect for human rights, non-use of force, and good neighborliness. For a newly formed state, an artificial object in Earth's orbit, such as a satellite, could serve as its territory. However, it is worth noting that the recognition of this object as territory and the international recognition of the newly formed state depend on multiple factors and norms of international law. Issues related to space and the use of outer space are complex and require consideration of various legal documents and agreements, such as the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 and other regulatory acts. In general, the recognition of the territory of a newly formed state based on an artificial object in space will depend on confirming its legal status and recognition by other states and international organizations. This may require consent and acknowledgement from other states and the fulfillment of certain legal procedures.