The easiest way is to solve the problem differently. You can't entirely eliminate funding from the equasion, but you can make it take a lot less - and you can possibly even make it pay for itself completely.
Material science I don't think is an issue on the whole, to assume things like the EM-Drive are pure hype then propulsion systems leave a lot to be desired, but is still something that can be surmounted. Concerns on the subject of medical sciences can be mitigated simply by providing an environment more suitably tailored. Sacrifice isn't a concept that should belong in space, you should have a lot better planning, and not start that which you cannot finish. Experts are easily obtained, many are already in our number. For raw labour capacity, we have that too. The best way to stop citizens "hindering the progress" of the government is to enact a governmental type of "direct democracy" and the citizens then become the government. As this will naturally only be doing what the citizens would want, they are not likely to hinder it.
But back to the task at hand. Realistically, yes using conventional techniques then to ignore everything else, just lifting that sheer mass will be prohibitively expensive. The combined GDP of the top 50 producing countries combined for the next 150 years wouldn't cover it, and fail at about ½way when everything else around it has been collapsed in the attempt. The number of trips it would take and waiting for all the launch sites to line up suitably puts it at a millenia just on that. As a resourceless micronation, this does not represent our greatest overall chances of success.
Realistically, long term "functional" survival in space will depend heavily on much infrastructure - as unfeasible as it is to lift the entire mass from the floor, it's equally unfeasible to be lifting a few tonnes of food every six hours and othersuch. So the logical thing is to establish this infrastructure also in orbit. First, as you'll need it before it can be built afterwards. Sensibly the first things to go up would be manufacturing and recycling facilities and then these can build almost everything else, a lot closer to where it ends up and removing the whole headache of fighting gravity.
These facilities can be developed on the ground, first. Arming thyself with a 3D printer and CNC tooling, a lot of productive capacity becomes instantly available. This should be utilised to refine the equipment to produce to higher tollerances and then both expand it's capacities and capabilities. Specific focus on automation. Then start adding in ability to process/recycle materials. Once such a setup is at the point where it can almost entirely replicate itself, and produce a wide range of products simply from being fed, it can clone a kit for assembly for shipping to lesser fortunate Asgardians. It can also begin to offer it's services to the general public and or private firms in order to pay for it's own operation This can be networked, so as the personal production capacity of Asgardians expand it can be made available in order to utilise the closest machines with requisite capacity to complete production runs, with a percentage returned to the operator for the privlige. Also the more this proliferates, the more kits can be printed - faster - increasing production capacity further.
As it hits a reasonable amount of saturation we can then redo a kit to put into orbit, paid for by whoring the productive capacity of the machines this run could be distributed across the network and printed overnight. Possibly attached to ISS(precise location not an issue) which should be incredibly cheap to achieve(on the scale of it, and the machines might be able to pay for that too - else it'd be a really low per-head cost) armed with a few "tugs" that can start towing in LEO debris to feed it. Some of this cleanup operation can generate revenue, which should offset any fuel costs of it's operation if done sensibly. If fuel costs apply, I do think the EM-Drive works. With minimal "consumable" input it should be able to clone a few more tugs to speed up the overal operation and expand itself a little, then clone off a copy of itself with mining additions and a couple of centrafugal launchers. The launcher can throw a few tugs past Mars to start "catching" things - a week or so later the freshly cloned facilty and a week or so later the other centrafugual launcher. This should open up viability to not only begin mining the asteroid belt the other side of Mars, where there is more than enough resources for constructing everything we should need for some time, with things in place to begin constructing more mining equipement closer to where the resources are being mined in order to mine faster. Exponentially faster.
As resources come back this way, we can keep 40% in orbit, and sell 60% to Earth to fund other initatives, and lifting anything we still need to. As mining facilities expand and resources get sent back faster, that 40% will rapidly become more than we can use, and everything should already be in orbit to start using that 40% to build yet more infrastructure that will complete a few holes left in our productive capacities and begin structural component productions for some more expected facilities, like orbital farms, conventional and energy.
By offloading energy and food productions away from main habitations you end up with a more scalable architecture. And should make it a lot easier to provide for redundancies. As these unfold and the general capacity is "waste" this can also be sold to Earth to fund other initatives. As farm saturations reach sensible levels then component production of habitational facilities should ensue - by this stage the capacity of our orbital production facilities should be of a scale to be able to make several of these habitational stations for deployment at the same time in around a decade or so after component production starts. Construction should be possible to entirely automate, but human labour can be definitely reduced to at most a few small teams, who are basically putting together macroscale lego blocks.