In 1990 the first single atom manipulation experiments were carried out with a scanning probe microscope. The video describes how today, 25 years later, a motion tracking system is used to couple the microscope tip directly to the operator’s hand. Literally moving the tip with their hand, the operator creates a nanoscale structure by removing molecules from a monolayer, although the molecules are bonded strongly to their neighbours. The experiment illustrates the power of intuitive control and demonstrates the possibility of intentional manipulation even when the interactions between the manipulated objects are largely unknown.

The Ingenuity helicopter continues to set new standards for red planet travel at NASA. During its 35th mission outside Earth's atmosphere, the 4-pound Ingenuity reached a new record height of 46 feet (14 metres) above Mars' red clay on Saturday (Dec. 3). The small helicopter's previous record was 39 feet (12 m), accomplished on three prior Mars trips. Ingenuity and NASA's Perseverance rover touched down on the floor of Jezero Crater in February 2021. In short order, the helicopter was launched from the rover's belly and began a mission to prove the possibility of powered flight in Mars' thin atmosphere.

NASA’s uncrewed Orion spacecraft reached a maximum distance of nearly 270,000 miles from Earth during the Artemis I flight test before beginning its journey back toward Earth. Orion captured imagery of the Earth and Moon together from its distant lunar orbit, including this image on Nov. 28, 2022, taken from camera on one of the spacecraft’s solar array wings. https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-sets-coverage-of-orion-s-historic-moon-mission-return-splashdown

Unerwarteter Regulator: Das, was unser Gehirn einzigartig menschlich macht und uns vom Affen unterscheidet, liegt offenbar in der Junk-DNA – dem Teil unseres Erbguts, der keine Proteine codiert. Denn in ihm liegen Abschnitte, die für unsere Hirnentwicklung entscheidend sind, wie Forscher in einem Experiment mit Stammzellen von Menschen und Schimpansen herausgefunden haben. Unterschiede in der Länge bestimmter Junk-DNA-Regionen beeinflussten dabei die Aktivität von neuronalen Genen. https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100024794791076 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1934590921003842?via%3Dihub&fbclid=IwAR1kONTKzPt7HuY9g_uVKHa_u-_tccHKCD4LCuXw4qVFyCE4lNAXSC_tlck

Typisch Mensch: Wissenschaftler haben Genom-Regionen identifiziert, die für unsere einzigartig menschlichen Anpassungen verantwortlich sein könnten. Die HAQERs (Human Ancestor Quickly Evolved Regions) getauften DNA-Abschnitte steuern das Ablesen proteinkodierender Gene und tragen so zur Entwicklung unseres Gehirns, Verdauungstrakts und Immunsystems bei. Sie entwickelten sich kurz nachdem sich die Linien von Mensch und Schimpanse getrennt hatten. HAQERS bringen aber nicht nur Vorteile, sondern auch Krankheiten. https://www.scinexx.de/news/biowissen/diese-genschalter-unterschieden-uns-vom-affen/?fbclid=IwAR1S5ghbku9dXeQIzcKkXrN0pLcCooU7ZJ9E4blkBNMFtGnUe3-IQqdgEAA https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(22)01358-7?fbclid=IwAR0vTE-goN5_lkpcbw4rPCM-GgEXW37p0nCCwwA23cp7QTUcbrgnrkuEvV8

COVERThe drawing evokes the powerful and momentous potential of cell engineering. The ability to alter cellular regulatory circuitry enables researchers to design modified cells to advance basic science and improve therapies. Investigators can now modify various cell types or groups of cells to operate as smart agents that facilitate experimentation or execute diagnostic or therapeutic functions. See the special section beginning on page 846. Illustration: Jason Lyon https://www.science.org/toc/science/378/6622?fbclid=IwAR0Fyd0fEmUgKlDESs-UEW_YaEZfag9DLjEEil0BHA6aAR2Gj2cEOxR3K5w

Life begins with a switch in genetic control from the maternal to the embryonic genome during zygotic genome activation (ZGA). Despite its importance, the essential regulators of ZGA remain largely unknown in mammals. Based on de novo motif searches, we identified the orphan nuclear receptor Nr5a2 as a key activator of major ZGA in mouse 2-cell embryos. Nr5a2 is required for progression beyond the 2-cell stage. It binds to its motif within SINE B1/Alu retrotransposable elements found in cis-regulatory regions of ZGA genes. Chemical inhibition suggests that 72% of ZGA genes are regulated by Nr5a2 and potentially other orphan nuclear receptors. Nr5a2 promotes chromatin accessibility during ZGA and binds nucleosomal DNA in vitro. We conclude that Nr5a2 is an essential pioneer factor that regulates ZGA. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn7478?fbclid=IwAR3x4qZg5RahHBBk3b8Q5btbjgKc7N-694H7jjC3uDne97HKcbBW0MXc-BY

Watch live as the Orion spacecraft, after having launched into space aboard the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket, shares its first Earth views during its outbound coast to the Moon. During Artemis I, Orion will travel 280,000 miles (450,000 km) from Earth and 40,000 miles (64,000 km) beyond the far side of the Moon, carrying science and technology payloads to expand our understanding of lunar science, technology developments, and deep space radiation. Through Artemis missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the Moon, paving the way for a long-term lunar presence and serving as a steppingstone to send astronauts to Mars. We are going. More: https://www.nasa.gov/artemis

NASA Artemis @NASAArtemis · 12 Std. When we go, we go together. The #Artemis team wants to thank everyone who helped us along the way toward the first launch of the @NASA_SLS rocket and @NASA_Orion . https://twitter.com/NASAArtemis/status/1592786755500986369?s=20&t=Wdmv8rd6f4fHQk_Dqm3agw