In the coming years the moon will see a consistent series of robotic and human explorations preparatory to building the first permanent base on the lunar soil. So a high-tech company is preparing a series of small satellites but with high performance levels to be inserted in the lunar orbit. These will be used to relaunch the data communications (voice, data, video, web) from the rover and tomorrow from the fixed installations, both robotic and with human presence. The particularity of these satellites is given by the possibility of recovering them from their orbits and inserting them in other orbits with greater ease. The program includes a network of satellites capable of covering the entire surface of the moon, as if it were a GPS network. more info Argotech online

If anyone still had doubts about climate change this hailstorm fell on 02 July 2019. The height of the hail mantle was 1.5 meters. Given the brevity of the phenomenon, its intensity and location according to some, the phenomenon was similar to a microburst of which you see the diagram in the photo.

There is a fake photo that has been running for many years on the net and, according to those who spread it in a culpable way, it would take three planets over the three Pyramids of Giza. It is a good gym for archaeoastronomist apprentices (or even for those with experience) to exercise critical sense and use their knowledge to expose this fake. Here are some demonstrations of the falsity of this photo. But first a little history: The photo was released in August 2012 and intended to announce that on December 3 of that year there would be precisely the planetary alignment in the photo that involved the planets Mercury, Saturn and Venus, claiming that the event is repeated every 2737 years. This already explains how the photo is false: the event had yet to take place! The planets are therefore not photographed but drawn. Probably born in the New Age context (we all remember the great outcry for that year, right?), The image chose to represent the planetary conjunction above the Pyramids. The photo has been reproposed practically almost every year, or at intervals of 2, in order to generate money through clickbaiting Having ascertained that the photo is a "fake" (in the sense that it is a drawing), we see some reasons for the falsity of this image that would resume Mercury, Venus and Saturn: 1) Mercury is at most about 22 ° from the Sun and therefore can only be seen during sunrise or sunset. In the photo the uniform blue sky is not compatible with this data 2) The difference in brightness between Venus and Saturn is 40 times, while the three dots in the photos are quite similar to each other 3) A large-field photograph cannot be taken in which Saturn or Mercury appear so bright, without other stars being visible. There is no trace in this photo, so it is not a real photo. 4) The photo was taken from South to North and to the North the planets are never seen from those latitudes 5) There is also a perspective problem: aligned planets are very suggestive but ... aligned when seen from where? It is clear that if you approach the Pyramids or move, the alignment shown in the photo will cease. Then? The particular point from which the photo was taken should have something special, but this is not talked about. And if it has nothing and you can move freely, then we can resume an alignment practically every time three planets appear in the sky: it will be more or less always possible to be able to place them prospectively each on top of a pyramid. So be careful not to take everything that is spread in ret with a sensationalistic tone, because in this way you will avoid running into buffaloes and various misinformation

34 years after the nuclear sun turned on in Chernobyl the situation has not changed as the short memory of mankind shows. At the beginning of the current month of April there was a fire in the contaminated bushes that have grown in the area since it was declared off limits for human life. The radioactive cloud that was triggered by the fires between 7 and 14 April hit the 'exclusion zone' of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster and did not just pass through Ukraine but reached much of Europe. Although the rate of occurrence was higher than normal, it would not be dangerous. This is revealed by a study by the French research centre ISRN. ISRN has made an estimate modelling the radioactivity removed by fire, which "would be of the order of 200 GBq released between 3 April 2020 at 12:00 and 13 April 2020 at 12:00". "The simulations carried out - writes IRSN - show a good agreement between the measurements provided by the Ukrainians and the modelling results. On this basis, the ISRN simulations indicate that the air masses from the area of the fires that occurred on 5 and 6 April were able to reach France on the evening of 7 April 2020". And again: "As of 14 April, these air masses still covered half the territory. The levels of radioactivity expected in France are extremely low, below 1 µBq / m 3 in caesium 137. The emissions occurring between 9 April and 11 April 2020 are the most significant according to modelling. The weather conditions prevailing until 14 April have favoured the transport of air masses from the area of these discharges to Belarus, southern Ukraine, eastern Romania and Bulgaria". And these air masses "reached with lower concentrations the Balkans and Italy, but not France". "In Kiev - writes ISRN - the largest volume of caesium 137 in the air was recorded for the period from 9 to 11 April 2020 with a measurement at 470 micro becquerel / cubic meter (µBq / m 3 ) (sample taken from 9 to 10 April) and another at 700 µBq / m 3 (sample taken from 10 to 11 April). A value of 1,200 µBq / m 3 in the night from 4 to 5 April 2020 was also reported by the State Scientific and Technical Centre for Nuclear and Radiological Safety of Ukraine, but has not been confirmed. These values are significantly higher than the values normally measured in caesium 137 in the air in Kiev 4 and attest to the passage of air masses marked by radioactivity. However, they remain moderate and without health consequences. In the exclusion zone of Chernobyl there is much higher air contamination due to the proximity of the measuring devices to the burnt area". The levels reached 1000 uBq in Kopachi '11 April, 2,600 in Chernobyl/Kirov on the same day, 42,000 in the Krohodsky Peninsula on 12 April, up to 180,000 near the power plant (also due to the very high background radiation in the area). "Low radiation" However, IRSN minimizes the radiological impact. "For a firefighter who intervened for 100 hours in the exclusion zone in an environment with a volume activity of 1 Bq / m 3 (or 1,000,000 µBq / m 3 ) caesium 137 and 1Bq / m 3 strontium 90 (higher hypothesis than the measurements made in the area), the calculated dose corresponding to the inhalation of radioactive smoke from the fire is about 13 micro sievert (µSv). It should be noted that this dose is much lower than that resulting from the external exposure of firefighters to radiation emitted from contaminated soil, which, in the exclusion zone, is often much higher at 1 µSv / h. This is consistent with estimates made in the past by Ukrainian scientists indicating that the doses received by firefighters due to inhalation of smoke following fires are of the order of 1% of the dose received from exposure to soil radiation". The study continues: "For a resident of Kiev exposed for a few days to levels of radioactivity comparable to those measured by Ukrainian organizations in the city - it is stated - the dose received by an adult by inhalation is less than 1 nano sievert (1 nSv = 0.001 µSv) which is an extremely low value". Contaminated food The IRSN completed its assessment by considering the exposure due to ingestion of contaminated food in Ukraine, close to the disaster areas, from the radioactive ashes transported in the smoke plume. The assessment was carried out assuming the consumption of 500 grams of leafy vegetables (worst case) per day for two months 9 . "The dose for the adult - concludes IRSN - would reach after 30 months of consumption 30 µSv for strontium 90 and 15 µSv for caesium 137. This exposure remains low".This does not mean that low values are not detrimental to that part of the population that has a naturally increased sensitivity to the toxic elements released.

At the end of 2018 is Caspar Henderson's book of barely imaginable beings, which describes some somewhat bizarre but really existing creatures, such as the thorny devil, the sea butterfly or the water bear. “A bestiary of the twenty-first century,” reads the original title, but that will soon be very similar to that of the twentieth century: the Book on the beings imagination, published by Jorge Luis Borges in 1967, because soon all those animals will no longer exist. The issue, however, is much more alarming: within a few decades about 75% of living species will disappear from the Earth. In other words: the sixth mass extinction is underway. Already five times in 540 million years – the majority of the living beings disappeared from the planet: the last time 65 million years ago, in the most famous episode in the collective imagination is linked to the extinction of the dinosaurs, although involved also many species of plants, primitive fish, and bacteria. A mass extinction is a biotic transition that has a relatively short Geological duration, in which the Earth's ecosystem undergoes a profound change and due to causes of different origin is linked to the increase in the concentration of carbon in the atmosphere and in the oceans. According to the forecasts of Daniel Rothman – the geophysical nature of the Mit in Boston, who has compared the carbon cycle in the periods in which they occurred the other mass extinctions – some years there is a increase in values that trigger the process of extinction, by 2100 it will reach its apex and will take about ten thousand years to find a new balance. The most dramatic aspect is that for the first time in billions of years, human beings are causing the abnormal increase in carbon concentration. According to a recent Wwf study, in the last 40 years man has eliminated 60% of other living species and statistics go hand in hand with the increase in Co2. This is the biggest biodiversity crisis since we have existed: we lose three thousand species every year, three every hour, with an extinction rate a hundred times higher than normal, according to Science Advance. As if that were not enough, about 30% of vertebrates are decreasing in number of individuals and in geographical expansion. 
According to the Iucn (International Union for Conservation of Nature), which cyclically draws up the Red List of species at risk, a quarter of mammals and an eighth of birds are now at risk of extinction. We currently know about two million animal and plant species, but it is estimated that in the deep ocean or tropical forests there are tens of millions more unknown and endangered species. The sixth mass extinction is called an Extinction of the Holocene, the geological era that started around 11700 years ago, that the last few decades, according to a thesis shared by almost the entire scientific community, has given way to a new phase, that of the Anthropocene, the geological era in which human activities are significantly changing and irreversible territorial structures, ecosystems and the climate on planet Earth. One of the main causes that have triggered the mass extinction, there is of course the global warming, where the data every day are the most alarming: the last five years have progressively been the warmest ever recorded (and will always be worse), and in 2018, the oceans have reached record temperatures, and of course the ice cap in Antarctica melts with a speed six times faster than forty years ago, according to a report released by the journal Pnas (Proceedings of the national academy of sciences) more or less the same day in which Japan surrendered himself to the international agreements to restore the hunting of whales (which, however, in the meantime, continue to die full of plastic in the stomach: an end and a more disturbing danger that we do, we human beings). Data that can no longer be called alarming, but it would be fair to consider apocalyptic, also come from statistics on meat consumption, the abuse of which has been closely linked to gas emissions and the increase in the greenhouse effect. Speaking of consequences that only appear to seem more futile, because of global warming, we may soon find ourselves even without beer or coffee. For more than a decade we have been talking about the progressive disappearance of butterflies or bees, and recently also about catastrophic data and the very serious consequences related to the disappearance of many species of insects, which show how the extinction is ongoing every minute that passes, in every habitat. Probably many of us will live long enough to see the disappearing species of animals or insects that were not at risk until a few years ago and that we have studied in school or seen in the cartoons: why, if it was not clear, unlike all the other mammals, the amount of humans on Earth continues to grow. And by doing so, we'll be alone, a fate far worse than extinction. On the website of the IPCC (International Panel of Climate Change ) are available the latest reports related to the expected effects of the temperature increase of 1.5 °C

It is an old psychology test, very basic, but useful because it allows us to understand a mechanism of the human mind. Looking at the cartoons below you can see both an old and a young girl try to frame them. Well you have seen something that is not there. However, the mind has seen what it wanted to see, in fact someone sees the old woman first and someone sees the young girl first. Each mind is in its own right. Particularly stressful situations can occur in flight, so even an expert pilot can see in a cloud with an unusual shape a UFO, a light moving still exchanging it for a UFO when, instead, it is the refraction that alters the perception of the position or still see some on-board command in the correct position even if it is not (unfortunately it has already happened) and these illusions can make us smile, but they can cause catastrophic effects depending on the context in which we find ourselves. The National Transportation Safety Board has worked several times because of these illusions.

All life forms on Earth are made up of molecules whose supporting structure is always made up of carbon atoms. But in the context of exobiology, the science that studies how life has evolved on our planet and how it could develop in other places in the universe, forms of life based on other elements have been hypothesized.What seems the best alternative to carbon is silicon (the main component of sand). But the silicon atom could not form the long chains that instead characterize carbon-based life; in addition, the compounds formed by silicon with hydrogen (a key element for life) dissolve in water. Phosphorus and nitrogen seem more interesting, but they would work well only in a world with decidedly alien characteristics. In an ammonia atmosphere, for example, plants based on phosphorus and nitrogen could emit hydrogen instead of oxygen. And the corresponding animals could breathe it and burn the sugars by emitting phosphorus and nitrogen. Other elements have also been analyzed: arsenic, chlorine, sulfur. But due to their scarcity and their high reactivity, they do not seem to be able to form stable enough complex molecules. What exobiological forms do we think of meeting?

Ticking away the moments that make up a dull day you fritter and waste the hours in an off hand way kicking around on a piece of ground in your home town waiting for someone or something to show you the way Tired of lying in the sunshine, stayng home to watch the rain you are young and life is long and there is the time to kill today an then one day you find ten years have got behind you no one told you when to run, you miss the starting gun . And you run and you run to catch up with the sun but it's sinking and racing around to come up behind you again the sun is the same in the relative way , but you 're older shorter of breath and one day closer to death. every year is getting shorter, never seem to find the time plans that either come to naught or half a page of scribbed lines hanging on in quiet desperation is the english way the time is gone the song is over thought I'd something more to say Pink Floyd 1973 March 1

Hey! Asgardians! There is a small app to install on your smartphones to stay up to date on what's happening up there at the ISS (and all you can admire). Some examples 1) Japan sea; 2)The last launch of Sojuz ( 2020 April 09) to carrie part of new crew of ISS; 3) Northern Europe; 4) Sunrise on Austral continent. 5) Northern America a look to aurora borealis. His name ISS LIVE now. Look on Play store

The planet we live on is dynamic, impetuous and often destructive. But it is also a planet that knows how to give natural spectacles to the limit of the incredible. The sky is then a color palette and the base of the artist who creates imaginative shapes. Clouds are a science or rather a part of science called meteorology and the play of temperature and humidity of the air, the particular currents of that specific place give us panoramas that remain etched in the mind of those present at the show.

A fundamental aspect to life outside our biosphere is feeding as we do to feed the engines of our ship so we have to feed the engine of our organism.Already on Earth hydroponic crops are conducted in properly lit and heated greenhouses these already allow us to have vegetables all year round not taking into account the seasonal cycle. The Selected Seeds are therefore important; we do not speak therefore of sterilized seeds for commercial use that oblige the grower to buy seeds for each harvest. Let's talk about naturally active seedlings.Studies on the behavior of seedlings in space were conducted and gave rise to the first harvest of space salad and the first flowering of flowers in 2017. So the seeds in space work. Look, instead, that still requires attention is the complete cycle of plant life (sowing, growth, flowering, pollination, formation of the fruit, fall to the ground, maceration of the fruit with the seeds and resumption of the cycle). Where is the cycle particularly sensitive? In pollination, if gamma rays or solar eruptions increase their intensity in the pollination phase this, being the genetic patrimony of the plant can interact modifying or becoming sterile .The greenhouses in which to grow our plants are already a reality. The growth of plants in a gravity-free environment is a fact. The closure of the plant cycle with natural method is still missing . On Mars to give an example, it would be harmful to use soil since soil lacks the organic content characteristic of Earth's soil . The soil is sterile affected by the continuous emission of gamma and ultraviolet rays of the sun the atmosphere is composed only of the heaviest gases such as carbon dioxide (95%) and extremely rarefied (0.7 / 0.9 KPa). At the moment, a greenhouse in space appears more feasible than one on a planet like Mars almost totally devoid of water, atmosphere, and whose malleability to life we do not yet know enough. In space it still remains to develop safely the phase of pollination by natural methods air transport in the motions of internal ventilation of the space station or spaceship that is. Seeds are fundamental but they are the basis from which to start because a bag of seeds is like the tank of a car; once the seeds are finished ? We're left without it ... gasoline. Let's refine this part of the plant cycle, the pollination in space and make it safe and we'll have the basis to make a generational Spaceship, A Space Station, a base on Mars self-sufficient . Another step to the stars.

Talk about socializing honestly, talking about going to other planets, dreaming of new technologies, dreaming of civilly controlling the space we can reach. Talk about a fair world dream of a world full of smiles. Look inside ourselves and look for the island on which our soul lives. Watching TV and seeing long lines of trucks taking away lost islands because our Earth is sometimes loving mother and sometimes caustic stepmother. Learn, talk, build, build in ourselves and remember, always remember where we come from, taking care of it because lacking essential things the old man in us will not live and our caustic stepmother will show us other rows of trucks full of lost islands. We pay attention, we are Earthlings,Asgardian of the 3rd planet of the solar system, Albedo 0.39 and an invisible enemy that comes from the microcosm, to fight and win civilly with the weapons of conscience, of science.

It is part of a virus strain that affects both animals and humans (depending on the subgroup to which the virus to be referred belongs to. SARS, the simple cold, but also viral strains such as FIP belong to this unpleasant family which in cats is fatal, causing irreversible peritonitis and resistant to known drugs. In the last decades this family has expanded with mutations, such as the aforementioned SARS, Covid 19, or MERS new subgroup. CoviD 19 is a mutation of a virus that it infects other types of mammals belonging to the animal world. This mutation has surprised many experts and the seriousness of its effects derives from the lack of specific therapies for contrast and the high asymptomatic contagiousness. We are fighting a war against one of the smallest creatures of this world and at the moment has scared us, even beaten us up and made us lose precious friends and relatives. A lesson in humility, a lesson to remind us that the planet is alive and evolving.

Thus was presented this scourge that frightened humanity by forcing the individual to isolate himself from high contagiousness. A mortality similar to that of the flu (about 2%). Looking at today's data in Italy we are at 6.8% (21,157 infections and 1,441 deaths). It is a fact that makes one think for life in the exosphere. What to do if a virus or bacterium suddenly becomes aggressive both in space and on earth before astronauts leave. On earth it is relatively easy, there are sanitization protocols both in and out of those laboratories where viruses and bacteria are studied. Different is what can happen in space if a contagious avent occurs or if a bacterial or viral disease occurs after an incubation. A solution could be to provide a quarantine module, in which to isolate the sick on one side and on the other a safety module together with a ventilation of the remaining modules together with the extensive use of bactericidal lamps. Uninfected astronauts isolated in the safety form, pending completion of the sanitization procedure. 1 injection of disinfectant / bactericide aerosol 2 stand by as required 3 release of pure strong bactericidal oxygen 4 discharge of the mix into the space vacuum 5 restoration of the normal internal atmosphere This procedure request a lot of gas ad atmosphere but if is necessary...

Recently there has been talk again about energy generators that exploit the movement of waves. Interest is aroused by the ingenious transformation of a buoy into an electric generator. The buoy is anchored to the bottom of the sea and works both with the wave motion that invests it and with the simple pitch and roll given by the constraint created by the anchorage to the seabed the dimensions are consistent, but on the sea we have seen much worse things (it is several meters in diameter). The tests that have been conducted have shown that a single unit is capable of producing energy for about 200 homes. Doing a quick calculation by assigning 3.5 kW to each house we are faced with a generator capable of producing about 700 kW/h. It gets interesting, as far as we know, the first units will be available as early as this year.

I've already written about buildings on lunar soil. What has been disclosed after the geological analysis of the lunar soil carried out by the Chinese probes, is that for about 12 meters (36 feet) we are in the presence of regulite, the lunar dust formed by the crushing of the rocks making up the satellite together with the meteorites that impacted it. Well. if the regolite is not radioactive (product of exposure to gamma rays from the sun) we will be in the presence of a probable basis for a building material, it remains to be determined with which techniques to manipulate it and give it cohesion and impermeability adequate to contain the biosphere necessary for the life of the first settlers. The suggestion is good, it will be tested on a prototype equipped with a system of detection of internal conditions. Three problems remain to be solved: 1 the defense of living spaces from gamma rays. 2 the certainty that there are no harmful elements in the reguliths including cadmium, lithium, chromium, beryllium or other dangerous elements. 3 identify an area with a consistent bottom to support the construction (even if gravity is reduced, the weight on the ground of a housing module is still discharged). A good reading on the regolite is on Science Advances.

Recently there has been talk again about meteors that will pass very close to planet Earth. Thoughts go to that series of catastrophic films in which a handful of brave people engage in a fight against time to save the planet, or part of it, from destruction from space. True is that some space bolides have approached with their orbits, others are expected. A perception of the immanent danger linked to the speed with which this manifests itself and is divulged. The timing comes to define the danger thresholds months, if not a few years in advance. Let us consider instead what happens every day, the one whose evolution we hardly perceive. Today a small insect disappears in the southern continent, tomorrow a fungal flora becomes extinct in the Indian subcontinent. A small mammal overwhelmed by the random import into its habitat of a predator succumbs and extinguishes. What do these events have in common? Apparently little if anything. There is one small thing, though. Their extinctions were detected by man, noted in the great book of animal and plant species. As an accountant, man notes and finds that the extinct species are much more numerous than those that appear in the limelight of life on the planet, caught by a doubt he goes to consult the balance sheets of the previous years, of the previous century until this kind of annotation began to be collected. And he verifies that already five times the number of species has decreased with this type of acceleration, at the moment when the great mass extinctions began. We are at the beginning of a new mass extinction of life on earth. Going to see what were the determining elements of the previous ones we find natural causes (change in the composition ratios of atmospheric gases, the fall of a meteor, glaciations, colossal volcanic eruptions...), but today ? If we consider man as a natural element it is disconcerting to realize that it is his work to be anthropomorphous and his badly managed inventions developed in the last 200 years. Rising temperatures, melting ice, invasive changes to all the green lungs on the planet; what else? The overpopulation that will accelerate the demand for all those resources and products that constitute the modern civilization of homo sapiens. Already many scholars have launched warnings about the dangers of climate change; they have left a little implicit, not obvious, the responsibility that man has in the extinction of both plant and animal habitats and species. Like a frog, put in a pot of water on the fire, man will really become aware that the water is too hot to allow life, too late, too late. Most likely the next E.L.E (Extintion Level Event) will not be a meteor, but an A.E.M. (Anthropic Event Method) by man. Detect, see, disseminate, learn, defend, we only have this planet (at the moment).

One of the problems that must be faced to bring the presence of man into space is to bring, both in low and high orbit, the modules that once joined together form the vehicle or station intended to perform the function for which they were designed. The same problem will have to be faced for future structures to be installed on our satellite. This problem will not escape even the future ring that will surround the earth. Loading spare parts for the various types of needs will inevitably involve the launch of shuttles with the necessary parts for the replacements, storage problems and center of gravity for the carrier, problems of handling and transfer of parts from the shuttle to the station or moon base with the need to dedicate volumes that are expensive in every respect. Science fiction has already made its way by giving image to sollutions with the on-site construction of "plastic" objects. A shooting ? There are no such things as 3D printers which, with the peace of mind of science fiction, can also be purchased by ordinary citizens. It's intriguing to think of evolutionary steps of this technology thinking about 3D printers that use wire of the various metal alloys necessary to make joints, cords for male - female plugs, stiffenings of panels etc.etc.. with the precision necessary for the specific use. We consider that some car manufacturers are already modelling, with this technology, the mockups of the parts that will make up the vehicle in its functional form on a high-density polymer base. They verify their steric impedance. Is this a viable way to standardise and facilitate the transport of the spare parts needed to maintain the structures in the exosphere ? Is it possible to design a workshop module with computers and 3D printers for metal materials and polymers to create what is needed for maintenance ? Let's refine this technology.