Responsibility of Liberating from Hardship
What does this mean in practice? It sounds like mandatory personal charity, which could lead to a ban on welfare through normal legislation.
Right to Feel Safe and Secure
How can this be measured? I'm American, so I am having of visions of people demanding the permanent incarceration of someone else whose speech has "made me feel insecure". Illegal political opinion laws come to mind.
Right to Be Respected
How can this be measured? I'm American, so I am having visions of people demanding the permanent incarceration of someone else whose speech "offended me." Lese majeste laws come to mind.
Article 5
This could be interpreted as a requirement to have children involuntarily and criminalizing unemployment.
Responsibility to Question their personal beliefs.
What does this mean in terms of government policy?
Firearms
I do not think it is prudent to have personal firearms on a space station. An accidental misfire becomes a literal hole in the country which becomes an immediate community issue. Changing the phrasing to "weapons" leaves the option to restrict firearms through normal legislation.
QUALIFICATIONS TO ACHIEVE ASGARDIAN CITIZENSHIP (2, 3, & 4)
These terms excludes people with severe mental impairments, such as people with Down's Syndrome. It would seem prudent at first to exclude such people, but as written any child born on Asgardia with such a medical condition would be permanently ineligible for citizenship and that leaves the possibility of, um, immediate exile of babies through other legislation. Parents of such children would probably demand immediate redress.
CITIZENSHIP EXCEPTIONS
As written, this empowers the government of Asgardia to strip citizens of their citizenship. This is not a policy that should be implemented lightly and I would prefer for it to be separately discussed.
An Oath is defined as, “any statement, pact, agreement or contract of an official nature, made by one being to an entity (political or otherwise), stating that that being is loyal to that entity at that time”.
The international standard of an oath is typically a public statement made under the penalty of perjury if the oath is made falsely or in bad faith. Traditionally, an oath is specifically a request to a divine power to punish the swearer if the oath is broken and modern jurisdictions often allow a secular equivalent, such as an affirmation.
REFUGEE
It would probably be prudent to instead have Asgardia operate under the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees as part of our hopeful UN membership.
Responsibilities in general
Mandating citizen action by the government shouldn't be done lightly and these proposal contain many such mandates. I think it would be wiser to have any such duties handled through normal legislation. It is difficult to amend a constitution by design and constitutions are vague by design.